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India is a country in South Asia, bordering with Pakistan, China, Bhutan, Bangladesh.
Total area: 3,287,000 sq. km.
Population - 1.353 billion (2018)
Ethnic composition: There are several hundred nations, nationalities and tribes in India. The largest of them are: Hindus, Telugu, Marathi, Bengalis, Tamils, Gujarati, Kannara, and Punjabis.
Hindus make up 80% of the population, Muslims 14%, Christians 2.4%, Sikhs 2%, Buddhists 0.7%.
Official language: in India 447 different languages and 2000 dialects are spoken. The Indian Constitution stipulates that Hindi and English are the two languages of the national government, that is, the state languages. In addition, an official list of 22 languages is pronounced.
Capital city: New Delhi with 21.75 million population (2011).
Five largest cities (2011)
№
City
Population, people.
1.
Mumbai
12 478 447
2.
Delhi
11 007 835
3.
Bangalore
8 425 970
4.
Hyderabad
6 809 970
5.
Ahmedabad
5 570 585
Economy
The volume of GDP is 2 875 billion US dollars (2019). Annual GDP growth rate - 23.9% (Q2/20), GDP per capita - USD 2169(2019), GDP per capita PPP - USD 6,754 (2019).
Annual inflation rate is 6.69% (Aug 2020). Average salary is 272 INR per day or .31 USA per month (2014). Indian unemployment rate is 11% (2020), Corruption index: 80.
According to the World Bank's "Doing Business" rating, India ranks 63rd among 190 countries. Currency: Indian rupee (INR).
Major sectors of the Economy
The India's economic structure is ambiguous. Agriculture, industry and other sectors are developing. The economy is largely influenced by culture and traditions, but this does not prevent the country from developing.
Agriculture
The agricultural production in India is noted for impressive contrasts. There are large plantations and small farms nearby. The country has become the leader in terms of the area of irrigated land. 60% of the labor force are employed in the agriculture, with its share in GDP reaching 19.9%, and 15% in total exports.
Rice and wheat are becoming the main consumer crops. Large quantities of corn and potatoes are also harvested.
Industrial crops include cotton, sugar cane, bananas, and soybeans. India is one of the world's leading sugar producers.
The country occupies a leading position in the number of cattle.
Industry
Mining industry includes extraction of iron ore, coal, and oil. The production of textiles is highly developed in India. Metallurgy, automobile industry, production of bicycles, household appliances, building materials and agricultural goods are well-developed.
Exports total USD 22.700 billion (Aug 2020)
Exports structure:
13.7% (USD 44 billion) - Mineral fuels, oil and products of their distillation
11.3% (USD 36 billion) - Natural or cultured pearls, precious or semi-precious stones, precious metals
6.58% (USD 21 billion) - Nuclear reactors, boilers, equipment and mechanical devices and their parts
5.64% (USD 18.2 billion) - Organic chemicals
5.38% (USD 17.4 billion) - Ground Transportation
5.03% (USD 16.2 billion) - Pharmaceuticals
4.61% (USD 14.9 billion) - Electrical machinery and equipment, their parts;
3.02% (USD 9.77 billion) - Ferrous metals
2.58% (8.36 billion USD) - Articles of apparel and clothing accessories,
India's total imports totaled USD 478 billion in 2019. The decrease in the supply of goods to India in value was 5.66% compared to 2018: Imports of goods decreased by USD 28 billion as compared to 2018 when goods worth USD 507 billion were imported to India.
Seven Top Companies in India
POSITION
COMPANY
HEADQUARTERS
PLACE IN FORTUNE GLOBAL 500
REVENUE, MLN. USD
1.
Reliance Industries
Mumbai
106
82 331
2.
Indian Oil
New Delhi
117
77 587
3.
Oil & Natural Gas
Dehradun
160
61 420
4.
State Bank of India
Mumbai
236
47 286
5.
Tata Motors
Mumbai
265
43 599
6.
Bharat Petroleum
Mumbai
275
Six Top Banks in India
South Indian Bank
State Bank of India (SBI)
State Bank of Saurashtra
Thane Janata Sahakari Bank Ltd.
UCO Bank
Union Bank of India
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